{"id":2043,"date":"2022-02-05T12:22:21","date_gmt":"2022-02-05T11:22:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecosystemadotpro.wordpress.com\/?p=2043"},"modified":"2023-03-10T08:32:02","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T07:32:02","slug":"typologies-des-ceintures-algales-en-manche-atlantique-et-milieux-clairs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/2022\/02\/05\/typologies-des-ceintures-algales-en-manche-atlantique-et-milieux-clairs\/","title":{"rendered":"Typologies des ceintures algales en Manche-Atlantique et milieux clairs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/ecosystemadotpro.files.wordpress.com\/2022\/02\/gabyarbraz_152.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/gabyarbraz_152.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/gabyarbraz_152-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/gabyarbraz_152-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/gabyarbraz_152-809x607.jpg 809w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet article est un compl\u00e9ment d\u2019un article pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant.<br \/>Dans le cas des milieux oce\u0301aniques, l\u2019e\u0301tagement des peuplements a e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301fini comme suit :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Nous resituons pour autant les niveaux d\u2019e\u0301tagement de la roche sublittorale (c\u2019est-a\u0300-dire l\u2019infralittoral et le circalittoral) dans l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019e\u0301tagement littoral (du supralittoral au circalittoral) :<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Etage supralittoral (= zone des embruns marins) caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par les lichens<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etage m\u00e9diolittoral (= zone de balancement des mar\u00e9es ou \u00ab&nbsp;estran&nbsp;\u00bb). Caracte\u0301rise\u0301 par des ceintures de fucales \u00e9merg\u00e9es (Pelvetia, Fucus, Ascophyllum) ou des populations de crustace\u0301s et mollusques fix\u00e9s sur la roche (balanes, patelles, moules\u2026).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etage infralittoral (= zone continuellement immerg\u00e9e, \u00e0 forte instabilit\u00e9 environnementale). Caracte\u0301ris\u00e9 par de grandes algues photophiles: laminaires et fucales sous-marines (Sargassum, Cystoseira, Halidrys) et la dominance de la flore sur la faune fixe\u0301e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ceinture de Chondrus &#8211; Mastocarpus (\u00e9merg\u00e9e en mar\u00e9e de vive eau).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00ab Niveau 1 \u00bb (facultatif) = ceinture a\u0300 Laminaria digitata<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00ab Niveau 2 \u00bb = e\u0301tage infralittoral supe\u0301rieur = ceinture a\u0300 laminaires denses (\u00ab kelp forest \u00bb), ou a\u0300 fucales sous-marines denses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00ab Niveau 3\u00bb = e\u0301tage infralittoral infe\u0301rieur = ceinture a\u0300 laminaires clairseme\u0301es (\u00ab laminarian park \u00bb), ou a\u0300 fucales sous-marines clairseme\u0301es et prairies denses d\u2019algues de petite taille (Dictyopteris membranacea\u2026).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etage circalittoral (= zone de faibles variations environnementales)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00ab Niveau 4 \u00bb = e\u0301tage circalittoral supe\u0301rieur = Horizon circalittoral co\u0302tier = Les laminaires sont de\u0301sormais absentes. Niveau caracte\u0301rise\u0301 par la pre\u0301sence d\u2019algues sciaphiles (Dictyopteris membranacea, Rhodymenia pseudopalmata.) de densite\u0301 de\u0301croissante avec la profondeur et la dominance sur la flore de la faune fixe\u0301e (gorgones, roses de mer, e\u0301ponges axinellides et brachiopodes.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00ab Niveau 5 \u00bb = e\u0301tage circalittoral infe\u0301rieur = Horizon circalittoral du large = Niveau caracte\u0301rise\u0301 par l\u2019absence d\u2019algues dresse\u0301es et l\u2019apparition d\u2019un nouveau stock &#8211;&nbsp;d\u2019animaux fixe\u0301s (Dendrophyllia cornigera, Swiftia rosea, Porella compressa, etc.) : faune fixe\u0301e sciaphile dominante.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>REBENT, Suivi substrats durs subtidaux, limites d\u2019extension en profondeur des ceintures algales et suivi floristique et faunistique<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Nous utilisons ce de\u0301coupage en niveaux dans toutes les descriptions des stations subtidales rocheuses. Les profondeurs sont rapporte\u0301es au ze\u0301ro des cartes marines franc\u0327aises (niveau des plus basses mers de vive eau the\u0301orique d\u2019un coefficient de 120.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sources : d\u2019apre\u0300s CASTRIC-FEY et al., 1973, 1978, 1997, 2001)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cet article est un compl\u00e9ment d\u2019un article pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant.Dans le cas des milieux oce\u0301aniques, l\u2019e\u0301tagement des peuplements a e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301fini comme suit : Nous resituons pour autant les niveaux d\u2019e\u0301tagement de la roche sublittorale (c\u2019est-a\u0300-dire l\u2019infralittoral et le circalittoral) dans l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019e\u0301tagement littoral (du supralittoral au circalittoral) : Nous utilisons ce de\u0301coupage en niveaux dans&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,9,17,21],"tags":[41,54,86],"class_list":["post-2043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bretagne","category-ecologie","category-faune-oceanographie","category-flore-oceanographie","tag-algues","tag-ceintures","tag-mer"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2043","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2043"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2043\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3173,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2043\/revisions\/3173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2043"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2043"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecosystema.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2043"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}